Basic Tyre Knowledge

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Load Barrier

1. Load

The contact area of each tyre is equivalent to the size of a hand but it can carry the weight of the vehicle and its passengers.
Load Barrier

2. Shock Absorption

When driving on unpaved roads, do you know what ensures a comfortable drive? Tires! Tires are formulated using 50% elastic rubber with inner air pressure serving as a shock absorption tool to help minimize bumpy rides.
Load Barrier

3. Vehicle Handling, Driving Force, and Braking Power

Tires are the only part of the vehicle that comes into contact with the road. When initiating, driving, braking, or parking your vehicle tires successfully help complete your command.
Load Barrier

4. Steering Wheel Movement

Tires communicate the controls of the driver. Steering and reversing operations are dictated by the tires.

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Tyre Specification >

The sidewall provides valuable information about the tyre including the specifications, the brand, and the type of construction. All numbers are standardized and recognized by tyre manufacturers around the world.


Codes:
  • 1. Section Width(mm)
  • 2. Aspect Ratio(Section height as a percentage of the section width).
  • 3. Rim Diameter(in)
  • 4. Load Index
  • 5. Speed Rating

Load Index and Speed Rating

Load index corresponds to the load capacity while speed rating is designated using letters from J to Z and represents the maximum speed of the tyre. These two factors are interdependent. Please refer to the tables below for the load index and speed rating.

Load Index (Maximum Load)

LI lbs kg LI lbs kg LI lbs kg LI lbs kg
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80 		761
783
805
827
853
882
908
937
963
992 		345
355
365
375
387
400
412
425
437
450 		81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90 		1019
1047
1074
1102
1135
1168
1201
1235
1279
1323 		462
475
487
500
515
530
545
560
580
600 		91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100 		1356
1389
1433
1477
1521
1565
1609
1653
1709
1764 		615
630
650
670
690
710
730
750
775
800 		101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
 1819
1874
1929
1984
2039
2094
2149
2205
2271
2337 		825
850
875
900
925
950
975
1000
1030
1060

Speed Rating (Maximum Speed)

J K L M N P Q R S T H V W Y
mph 62 68 75 81 87 93 100 106 113 118 130 150 168 188
kmh 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 210 240 270 300

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Run flat tires also known as safe tires or zero pressure tires are designed to perform after a puncture or complete loss of tyre inflation pressure has occurred. These tires allow you to drive up to 80km at 80km/h to help you reach a safe place.

Comparison between Run Flat Tires and Ordinary Tires:

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Challenge #1  




Challenge #2  

Summer thunderstorms produce water on road surfaces and causes tyre skidding.

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  • 1. A strong bead ring is found on the inner part of the tyre, where the tyre and rim join together. The bead ring securely fastens the tyre with the rim to ensure safety and minimize deformation.

  • 2. When a partial amount of pressure is applied, the strong bead ring can withstand up to 3 tons before it detaches from the tyre.

  • 3. It will take more than 6 tons of force to break the bead ring.

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The tyre valve may be small, but it is an extremely important vehicle component that helps improves safety and tyre life. The valve also ensures stable tyre pressure is attained by allowing you to adjust the pressure. A valve cap is an essential part of the valve that provides added protection and prevents dust from seeping in.

The tyre valve is made of rubber and after long term usage it will deteriorate. Overtime, normal driving practices will exert pressure on the valve causing damage or wear. Although a tyre valve is not expensive, it plays an important part in tyre performance and safety.

Giti Tyre recommends replacing tyre valves whenever new tires are installed.

Tyre valve helps maintain stable tyre pressure by inflating or deflating the tyre.

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When treveling on the road, tires are the only part of the vehicle that comes into contact with the ground.

The contact area of each tyre is equivalent to the size of a hand.

Carrying a weight of

Proper Tyre Pressure Is Important.

GT Comfort

Hazard #1: Exterior Tyre Damage

Leads to: air leaks, flat tires, shorter tyre life, and affects safe travels

Carefully check your tyre's appearance. If problems appear, replace the tires immediately.

Hazard #2: Excessive Tread Wear

Leads to: reduced handling, braking, and water dispersion abilities

Measure the tread depth. If less than 1.6 mm, replace the tires immediately.

Hazard #3: Improper Tyre Pressure

Leads to: uneven tyre wear, reduced handling and comfort, increased fuel consumption, and even tyre blowouts

Check the air pressure of all tires (including the spare).
Standard tyre pressure recommendations can be found in the owner's manual or on the driver side car door.

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When faced with complex road conditions, do you know how to choose the right tires for your car?

Selecting Suitable Tires for Different Road Conditions is Essential!


Friction Generated By Tyre Pattern and Ground Is a Source of Power for Tires

Highway Terrain:
Fine Tread Pattern (HT)




Comfort Low Noise

Mud Terrain:
Exaggerated Tread Pattern (MT)




Strong Off-Road Capabilities

All Terrain:
Rough Pattern with Attention to Details (AT)



Balancing Off-Road Capabilities and Comfort

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Every tyre is designed with a tread wear indicator (TWI) which is a raised section molded into the grooves of a tyre. In passenger car tires, the TWI is around 1.6 mm and the tyre shoulder is labeled with TWI or the △ symbol.

TWI indicates the tread wear limit and helps vehicle owners understand the tread wear so they know when to replace the tires. When the tread is leveled with the TWI, the tread pattern will be separated and the tires need to be replaced immediately.

Note: When tread wear limit is reached, handling, braking, and water evacuation will significantly be decreased. Extremely dangerous!
Replace Tires Immediately If:
Bulges on tires

Sidewall Bulges

Please replace tires immediately to avoid tyre blowouts

Bulges on tires

Multiple Cuts

Increases probability of tyre leak

Cracks

Sidewall Cracks

Tyre shows signs of deterioration

If your tires have any of the conditions mentioned above, it is recommended that you visit the nearest Giti Professional Service Center to replace the tires!

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The sidewall of a tyre contains information for your safety and knowledge. Being able to read sidewall markings will help you better understand the performance of each tyre and provide information for mounting and servicing the tyre.

Sidewall

Codes:
  • 1. Section Width (mm)
  • 2. Aspect Ratio
  • 3. Rim Diameter (in)
  • 4. Load Index
  • 5. Speed Index
Sidewall

Passenger Car Tyre Specifications:
(195/60R15 88V)
  • 195: Section Width (mm)
  • 60: Aspect Ratio
  • R: Radial Construction
  • 15: Rim Diameter (in)
  • 88V: Load Index and Speed Rating

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Under specified conditions, speed rating is a letter representing the maximum speed at which the tyre can carry a load corresponding to its load index (except for passenger car and motorcycle tires with speeds greater than 210 km/h).

Under specified conditions, load index is a numerical code representing the maximum load the tyre can carry corresponding to its speed rating (except for passenger car and motorcycle tires with speeds greater than 210 km/h).

Speed rating is represented with a letter from J to Z and is the maximum speed corresponding to its load index.

Please refer to the following speed rating table (Maximum Speed)

J K L M N P Q
mp/h 62 68 75 81 87 93 100
km/h 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
J R S T H V M
mp/h 106 113 118 130 150 168 188
km/h 170 180 190 210 240 270 300